Business and Real Estate Litigation

Choice-of-Law Provisions in California Contracts

Posted in Business and Real Estate Litigation on November 2, 2015

A “choice-of-law” provision is a clause in an agreement where parties agree that a certain state’s laws will govern litigation if the parties sue each other later, regardless of what state’s court hears the case. This is different from a “forum selection” clause, where the parties agree where the case must be filed. In California, the parties may agree to a choice-of-law provision if: The chosen… READ MORE

Can an LLC Member see the LLC’s Records in California?

Posted in Business and Real Estate Litigation on October 31, 2015

Yes.  LLC members in California have many rights, one of which is to request, at the company’s expense, the following records: List of the names and addresses of each member, together with their contribution and the share in profits and losses; List of the name and addresses of each manager; LLC’s federal, state, and local income tax information for last… READ MORE

Can a Shareholder see the Corporation’s Records in California?

Posted in Business and Real Estate Litigation on October 31, 2015

It depends on the type of records, the shareholder seeking them, and, possibly, on the purpose of the inspection: Inspection of the articles of incorporation and bylaws is absolute; A shareholder may inspect accounting records and minutes of the shareholder or board meetings, if it’s for a “purpose reasonably related to their interests as a shareholder”; A shareholder may inspect the corporation’s income tax returns, if they own 1% of stock; A shareholder may inspect other records,… READ MORE

How does a California Court Calculate Attorney Fee Awards?

Posted in Business and Real Estate Litigation on October 31, 2015

If a party prevails in a lawsuit and is entitled to attorney fees, the court determines that amount.  The amount is not determined by the party’s fee agreement with its lawyer. The court will look at the time the attorney spent on the case and multiply it by a reasonable hourly rate for the type of work, lawyer experience, and geographic location.  As such, whether the… READ MORE

When does a Contract Exist in California?

Posted in Business and Real Estate Litigation on October 31, 2015

It probably goes without saying that a plaintiff must actually have a contract in order to sue for breach of contract.  However, this issue is much more complex than some people imagine.  Contract existence depends on a myriad of factors, including:  Contract Conditions:  Are there any events that are required to occur in order to create the contract (i.e., a condition… READ MORE